what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?

This button displays the currently selected search type. While the Portuguese remained focused on the establishment of trading networks, only turning to full colonization later, Spanish discoveries of established empires in North and South America led them to explore and subsequently expand their own empire with the intention of growing wealthier and spreading Catholicism. The Spanish brought Western ideals to the Americas, including economic and religious systems. He participated in successful expeditions in Panama before following rumors of Inca wealth to the south. What were some effects of Spanish exploration of the Americas? Their goals were to expand Catholicism and to gain a commercial advantage over Portugal. In 1533, Pizarro founded Lima, Peru. Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Flashcards | Quizlet They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. Spain. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? Although Europeans continued to trade with the east, especially the seagoing Venetians, the venture was expensive and unsanctioned by the Catholic Church, which forbade Christian trade with Muslim empires. Although Portugal opened the door to exploration of the Atlantic World, Spanish explorers quickly made inroads into the Americas. Ten years later, Francisco Pizarro traveled to Peru where he subsequently conquered the Incan Empire situated in the Andes Mountains. Vespuccis widely published accounts of his voyages fueled speculation and intense interest in the New World among Europeans. How did Exploration impact the world? As Spains empire expanded and riches flowed in from the Americas, the Spanish experienced a golden age of art and literature. In the 15th century, Spanish ships travelled all around the World carrying plants, animals, people, and goods. Then, when they found Amerindians, they wanted to colonize and convert them, as well as have access to their gold. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. In this instance, Cortes actually operated without approval from the Spanish crown or the governor of the Cuban colony because he desired a chance to make his own name and wealth without the credit going to his superiors. Spain and Portugal divided the New World by drawing a north-to-south line of demarcation in the Atlantic Ocean, about 100 leagues (555 . Dutch & Spanish Dominance in South & Southeast Asia, The Italian Wars and Weakening of Papal Authority, Protestant Reformation on Germany | History, Effects & Impacts. What should we consider when we interpret these documents today? Ecuador and Columbia fell to Spain later in the 1530s, and Chile succumbed in the 1540s. The Great Depression, 1929-1932, Franklin Roosevelt and the New Deal, 1932-1941, Fighting the Good Fight in World War II, 1941-1945, Post-War Prosperity and Cold War Fears, 1945-1960, Political Storms at Home and Abroad, 1968-1980, The Challenges of the Twenty-First Century. The seaports there are incredibly fine, as also the magnificent rivers, most of which bear gold. Portuguese sailors continued to make important discoveries in this new arena as well. As a devoted Catholic, Columbus had agreed with Ferdinand and Isabella prior to sailing west that part of the expected wealth from his voyage would be used to continue the fight against Islam. Posted on . In 1492, they completed the Reconquista: the centuries-long Christian conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. explored ante empire in Mexico. All lands to the west of the line, identified as the Line of Demarcation, would be Spains. This sixteenth-century map shows the island of Hispaniola (present-day Haiti and Dominican Republic). They established posts in Guinea and Angola and a few island plantations to support their business ventures. With his faithful sidekick Sancho Panza, Don Quixote leaves reality behind and sets out to revive chivalry by doing battle with what he perceives as the enemies of Spain. Corts arrived on Hispaniola in 1504 and took part in the conquest of that island. Corts and his people fled for their lives, running down one of Tenochtitlns causeways to safety on the shore. Europeans longed for the luxuries of the Far East, including silks, pepper, and spices, but the Far East trade was dominated by Muslims and Venetians who hauled the goods over land, making them extremely expensive. Malintzin remains a controversial figure in the history of the Atlantic World; some people view her as a traitor because she helped Corts conquer the Aztecs, while others see her as a victim of European expansion. In Spain, gold and silver from the Americas helped to fuel a golden age, the Siglo de Oro, when Spanish art and literature flourished. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? This island, like all the others, is most extensive. During the Spanish colonial era, ships frequently transported mercury across the Atlantic to the New World to be used in gold mining. In anticipation of winning his own honor and riches, Corts later explored the Yucatn Peninsula. Westward Expansion, 1840-1900, Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business, 1870-1900, The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900, Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920, Age of Empire: American Foreign Policy, 1890-1914, The Jazz Age: Redefining the Nation, 1919-1929, Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. What impact did the Portuguese have on exploration? Spanish . Their son, Martn, may have been the first mestizo (person of mixed indigenous American and European descent). The main driving forces for these pressures include the growing population associated with rapid urbanization and human settlements along the coast, industrial growth, oil exploration, production and export and the associated tanker traffic, fishing, tourism, agriculture, aquaculture and sea water desalination. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. What did Portugal do first during the age of exploration? what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?the renaissance apartments chicago snoopy happy dance emoji 8959 norma pl west hollywood ca 90069 8959 norma pl west hollywood ca 90069 Like Corts, Pizarro had to combat not only the natives of the new worlds he was conquering, but also competitors from his own country; a Spanish rival assassinated him in 1541. The Spanish brought horses, guns, and other weaponry with them which frightened the Aztecs. In the 1540s, Francisco Vsquez de Coronado crossed the Rio Grande and traveled up the Colorado River. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration quizlet? As Western Europe transitioned from the regional divides of the middle ages to stronger centralized countries, kings and queens looked for ways of expanding their spheres of influence and world outlooks. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. Note the various fanciful elements, such as the large-scale ships and sea creatures, and consider what the creator of this map hoped to convey. Portuguese explorers were excellent navigators. Columbus held erroneous views that shaped his thinking about what he would encounter as he sailed west. Columbus' reports about the many people already living in the New World prompted Queen Isabel to consider them under her protection as members of the Spanish Empire, promising to bring them to the Catholic faith and wanting them to be fairly treated. Translated to conqueror, conquistadors were a class of men who especially partook in the age of exploration and discovery by leading expeditions to the New World with the understanding that conquest would gain them wealth and power with their monarchs. By this and other means, native people helped shape the conquest of the Americas. He spent most of his life in the Americas advocating for the natives. Without her, Corts would not have been able to communicate, and without the language bridge, he surely would have been less successful in destabilizing the Aztec Empire. Today they highlight the difficult task of historical work; while the letters are primary sources, historians need to understand the context and the culture in which the conquistadors, as the Spanish adventurers came to be called, wrote them and distinguish their bias and subjective nature. The natives quickly became the bulk of the workforce and were horribly abused despite Isabel's orders to the contrary. Spain wanted to explore the New World first to find a trade route to India as the Portuguese had. Perhaps the key motivator behind exploration in this era was economic. Spaniards captained the other three ships (San Antonio, Concepcin, and Victoria), and constant Spanish scheming against the Portuguese would have grave consequences for the voyage. The resulting Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494 drew a north-to-south line through South America ([link]); Spain gained territory west of the line, while Portugal retained the lands east of the line, including the east coast of Brazil. The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492, Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 15001700, Rule Britannia! Technological Innovations of the Age of Exploration They also had different strategies that helped them make progress through their travels of the ocean. The exploits of European explorers had a profound impact both in the Americas and back in Europe. The traditional European narrative of exploration presents the victory of the Spanish over the Aztec as an example of the superiority of the Europeans over the savage Indians. He presided as governor over the province of Nueva Galicia, where he heard rumors of wealth to the north: a golden city called Quivira. The dungeon of the fort now served as a holding pen for African slaves from the interior of the continent, while on the upper floors Portuguese traders ate, slept, and prayed in a chapel. Portuguese explorers were able to discover and conquer new worlds. The Spanish and Portuguese developed a particular type of ship to trade in the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic. Those who resisted were punished by a system called encomienda, in which natives were assigned to settlers through land grants as part of a deal. The exploits of the most famous Spanish explorers have provided Western civilization with a narrative of European supremacy and Indian savagery. Fighting on horseback gave the Spanish explorers an advantage over the Native American populations, who fought on foot. The results of the study allowed us to discover the characteristics of the contents which have an effect on informal learning, favoring the child's creativity and the development of abilities and. Riches poured in from the colonies, and new ideas poured in from other countries and new lands. Although the Portuguese originally used the fort primarily for trading gold, by the sixteenth century they had shifted their focus. B. Africans were enslaved and brought to the Americas. THE SPANISH GOLDEN AGE The exploits of European explorers had a profound impact both in the Americas and back in Europe. The Portuguese destroyed the Arab trade routes in the Indian Ocean between Africa, Arabia and India. She has taught college English and religious education classes and currently works as a freelance writer. Perched on the southwestern part of the Iberian peninsula, Portugal turned to the boundless Atlantic Ocean as its only outlet to the wider world. What are the long lasting effects of Spanish Exploration today? This slave trade also came into greater usage when the Portuguese followed the Spanish in setting their sights across the Atlantic, colonizing Brazil in the 1530s. Spain attracted innovative foreign painters such as El Greco, a Greek who had studied with Italian Renaissance masters like Titian and Michelangelo before moving to Toledo. Gold became the biggest source of income for the Portuguese crown. He believed that, using calculations based on other mariners journeys, he could chart a westward route to India, which could be used to expand European trade and spread Christianity. He might have gotten all the way to India if his crew hadn't mutinied. The Portuguese built an empire from 1420 onwards that was largely composed of trade centres dotted around the coasts of three continents. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. This map traces Coronados path through the American Southwest and the Great Plains. Francisco Pizarro conquered the Inca Empire and took part in explorations of the northern Caribbean coast of South America. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? The Significance of Spanish Colonial Missions in our National Story and Columbus set sail with three small ships and a crew of eighty . The Library of Congress. PDF EUROPEAN EXPLORATION 1400 1500 (Adapted from Discovery Education) In the 1480s, Pope Sixtus IV had granted Portugal the right to all land south of the Cape Verde islands, leading the Portuguese king to claim that the lands discovered by Columbus belonged to Portugal, not Spain. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. In the following years, as European exploration spread, slavery spread as well. For them, the dungeon of Elmina was their last sight of their home country. From the beginning of the Aztec conquest, a collection of Franciscan friars had come to convert the natives. What impact did the Portuguese and Spanish explorers have on Europe? Originally built by the Portuguese in the fifteenth century, it appears in this image as it was in the 1660s, after being seized by Dutch slave traders in 1637. Using the explorers first name as a label for the new landmass, Waldseemuller attached America to his map of the New World in 1507, and the name stuck. The Official Site of Philip T. Rivera. Another Italian, Amerigo Vespucci, sailing for the Portuguese crown, explored the South American coastline between 1499 and 1502. Sources. Map showing the routes to the Far East. Below are excerpts from Columbuss 1493 letter to Luis de Santngel, which illustrates how fantastic reports from European explorers gave rise to many myths surrounding the Spanish conquest and the New World. 1524. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you In the BFA programs, students receive practical training through the progression of hands-on projects that increase in complexity. Effects of Spanish Rule in North and South America: 1. In 1542, de Soto himself died during the expedition. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Hernn Corts hoped to gain hereditary privilege for his family, tribute payments and labor from natives, and an annual pension for his service to the crown. Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? . Benjamin Walter on LinkedIn: What is the effect of emplacement depth In 1521, Hernando Corts conquered the Aztecs in Mexico, gaining a territory that was larger than Spain itself. Part of this Age of Discovery was the creation of a new occupation, that of conquistador. In August 1521, having successfully fomented civil war as well as fended off rival Spanish explorers, Corts claimed Tenochtitln for Spain and renamed it Mexico City. Spain had dominated much of the Americas; Ortiz goes as far to brand the period as "The Golden Age of Spain [1] ". Velzquez painted himself into this imposingly large royal portrait (hes shown holding his brush and easel on the left) and boldly placed the viewer where the king and queen would stand in the scene ([link]). JMSE | Free Full-Text | Can a 16th Century Shipwreck Be Considered a Essay Sample. Spain, in particular, produced a number of famous conquistadors who established the presence of the Spanish empire in Mexico, California, and Peru. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. The global flow of silver from the mid-sixteenth century to the early eighteenth century caused social and economic issues by creating social impact in China, changing the economic purpose for trading, and the overall exchange between the Chinese and European nations. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - U.S. History Q. 4.2C: The Economic Causes and Effects of European Maritime Exploration A. Africans found a sea route around the world. Spain brought the ecomienda system to the New World to build plantations for mining and farming, a system that categorically abused the Amerindian labor force without fair trades for their gold. It also established trading posts in China and Japan. Europeans gained new materials like gold, silver, and jewels. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. With the Reconquista complete and Spain a unified country, Ferdinand and Isabella could turn their attention to overseas exploration. With financial assistance from the maritime enthusiast Prince Henry the Navigator and the invention of lateen or triangular sails, the Portuguese opened trading routes along the African coast. Inspired and backed financially by Prince Henry the Navigator, Portuguese explorers sailed south, down the coast of Africa, in hopes of finding a route to the Far East. With his support, Portuguese mariners successfully navigated an eastward route to Africa, establishing a foothold there that became a foundation of their nations trade empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Explore the collection at The Cervantes Project for images, complete texts, and other resources relating to Cervantess works. . However, when Columbus in fact discovered America, the subsequent discoveries of indigenous peoples led the Catholic country to move beyond pure trade goals to establish lasting colonies that would add to Spain's greatness and spread Catholicism to the New World. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. When the Spanish and Portuguese explore to the new world it results in massive increase in the population. In the 15th century the Portuguese started exploring new lands. 1531 Dutch Golden Age History & Timeline | What is the Dutch Golden Age? (04.05) Painting of a scene showing European explorers and native peoples in the New World. Seeing the value of this source of labor in growing the profitable crop of sugar on their Atlantic islands, the Portuguese soon began exporting African slaves along with African ivory and gold. Test and improve your knowledge of The Age of Discovery & Exploration with fun multiple choice exams you can take online with Study.com. One group in particular, the Tlaxcalan, threw their lot in with the Spanish, providing as many as 200,000 fighters in the siege of Tenochtitln. Although the Spanish had superior weapons, the strength of the Aztecs made the campaign long and grueling. This compass showed from four to eight directions. [1] John Francis Bannon, editor, Bolton and the Spanish Borderlands (1964), pp. How did Portuguese and Spanish exploration effect the people in Africa? How did explorers born in Portugal impact the world? Seeking to ensure that Columbuss finds would remain Spanish, Spains monarchs turned to the Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI, who issued two papal decrees in 1493 that gave legitimacy to Spains Atlantic claims at the expense of Portugal. Francisco Pizarro subdued the Incas of Peru in 1533. Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. South American settlement began in 1523 in Venezuela, and in 1524-1526, the Spanish marched through Central America, exerting their control from Guatemala to Nicaragua. The trees, fruits and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. What were the effects of later Spanish exploration? - Short-Fact Settlements sprang up at St. Augustine, Florida, in 1565, and in New Mexico in 1609. During the winter of 154041, the explorers waged war against the Tiwa in present-day New Mexico. Far from being unified and content under Aztec rule, many peoples in Mexico resented it and were ready to rebel. Since the 700s, much of Spain had been under Islamic rule, and King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I, arch-defenders of the Catholic Church against Islam, were determined to defeat the Muslims in Granada, the last Islamic stronghold in Spain. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - U.S. History 201-202. Those who survived were strongly influenced by Spanish language, religion, art and architecture. explored isthmus of panama. He and his followers explored what is now Florida, Georgia, the Carolinas, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, and Texas. Above all else, the Aztec wealth in gold fascinated the Spanish adventurers. Beyond the splendor of the architecture of the missions, what we see today is the cumulative effect of a historic process Spain triggered with its efforts to govern and Christianize the New World, thereby culturally changing the land and people forever. All rights reserved. Native Spaniards created equally enduring works. When the Immortal had Thrash's set, the Dimensional lords had no choice, but to give up a huge part of Alphen to the Immortal's army. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. Why was exploration so important to Spain? This 1502 map, known as the Cantino World Map, depicts the cartographers interpretation of the world in light of recent discoveries.