facts about the arctic poppy facts about the arctic poppy

This article contains incorrect information, This article doesnt have the information Im looking for. Read our expert guide to growing Papaver. Plants conserve the sunlight in their leaves and produce their food through photosynthesis. Also, it plays an important role in maintaining the arctic ecology. All rights reserved. Arctic poppy is mostly popular for growing in extreme and adverse conditions. These are a rare order of plant species found in the Arctic. Why is the Arctic so crucial to the world? They proved that this massive ice sheet rests on water. The whole plant is covered in black hairs and that could be an adaptation because the hairs could be a warning sign that tells predators not to come near it. This giant, white, frozen reservoir, which is a massive natural place that collects water, and it reflects sunlight, helping keep it cool. Main photo by Annack Guitteny. Experts recommend fertilizing frequently to keep stands strong and productive. Native Americans use the pollens as cosmetics. The poppy grown in the arctic has hairy stems and leaves that can withstand air. So, it can be important for the dying industry. Restful sleep and recovery Arctic poppies are very rare and uncommon globally. Thats because it may contain calcium, magnesium, and fiber. The opium poppy is far less fragile than the field poppy and produces flowers that are burly and flamboyant. severe localized food insecurity: due to population displacements, economic constraints, and high prices of the main food staple - according to the latest analysis, about 4.7 million people, 25% of the population, are estimated to be facing high levels of acute food insecurity, between April and June 2022 in 25 districts analyzed in Balochistan, Sindh and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . Arctic plants have waxy leaves to hold moisture and provide food for themselves during the snow. It is an influential group of flowers with a fascinating history. Find more gardening information on Gardening Know How: Keep up to date with all that's happening in and around the garden. In short, the answer is yes. Arctic facts 1. For food, they especially go with the arctic poppy plant and flower. They have bright red, orange or white flowers, often with dark centres, with four thin, overlapping petals and two thick sepals; all produce the milky sap, latex . Scientific name: Papaver rhoeas. Outside work, her interests include music, movies, travel, philanthropy, writing her blog, and reading. The South Pole is located on Antarctica. Yes, plants do grow in the Arctic. Two American explorers registered the first recognized discovery of the north pole in the early 20th century. These flowerscontinually turn to face the sun, tracking its progress across the sky, and attracting insectsto the centre of the bloom. The flower can also track the sun in the sky, which means it can maximise the amount of sunlight it receives for photosynthesis. The poppy family is well represented in western North America, with at least 13 genera. The cheery blooms are up to 3 inches (7.5 cm.) Its highly available in the harsh arctic region, which lies at 84 north and circumpolar. Now find out how the Arctic poppy survives in the tundra. Believe it or not, the whole world, mainly coastal communities, will be affected if the arctic ice continues to melt. The arctic poppy is a beauty of the Arctic. Between the summers and winters, I will admit that its still a place that I would wear warmly as it seems that even when its hot, its still cold. Job done, now we know!if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[728,90],'konnecthq_com-box-3','ezslot_25',116,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-konnecthq_com-box-3-0'); The word Arctic comes from the Greek word for bear, Arktos. Polar habitats cover the top and bottom of planet Earth at the North and South Poles. Corrections? The Flora of North America lists four subspecies: This Ranunculales article is a stub. Spread the cost of your subscription with an offer you'll love and pay just 3.50* every issue. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. Papaver nudicaule, the Icelandic poppy, comes from sub artic areas in Europe and America, including within the Arctic Circle. The Arctic poppy has cup-shaped flowers. The main activities among the community living in the arctic are reindeer keeping, which is an age-old tradition, especially among the Sami people. This phenomenon establishes a secondary population on gravel and sandy banks near rivers or other disturbed lowlands. Beauty and success Arctic poppy grows in Greenland and is 10 to 30 cm long, with leaves and pubescent stems. By entering your details, you are agreeing to our terms and conditions and privacy policy. The peacock poppy (P. pavoninum)with scarlet petals bearing a dark spot at the base in 2.5-cm (1-inch) blooms if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'konnecthq_com-leader-2','ezslot_12',126,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-konnecthq_com-leader-2-0');Even though the frozen water is somewhat fresh, the Arctic ocean is salty. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'konnecthq_com-sky-3','ezslot_26',138,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-konnecthq_com-sky-3-0');The plant grows close together in a tight clump and blooms the earliest. Approximately 1,700 species of plants live on the Arctic tundra, including flowering plants, dwarf shrubs, herbs, grasses, mosses, and lichens. It grows wild in eastern and southern Asia, and South Eastern Europe. Arctic poppies get energy from the sun. Low temperatures and limited warmth due to the low position of the sun in summer and darkness in winter keep the Arctic frozen for much of the year. The flowers have four to six petals with numerous stamens surrounding the ovary. These plants stay warmer than the air around them. [Amazing Sleeping Habit], Are There Penguins in Alaska? The annual average temperature in the Artic Tundra is around -18.4 F (-28 C), which can drop to nearly -94 F (- 70 C) during the winter season. After thawing, the salty ice water contaminates the freshwater systems. This perennial plant is stress tolerant and grows and reproduces in various environmental conditions. They become vulnerable and decrease their population due to global climate change. An annual plant, it bears 13-cm- (5-inch-) wide purple flowers on plants 1 to 1.5 metres (about 3 to 5 feet) tall, with lobed or toothed silver-green foliage. But these arctic queens are on the verge of extinction due to pollution and climate change. Arctic Poppy Facts: Learn About Iceland Poppy Growing Conditions. On the other hand, you can eat the seed by cooking or raw. The Arctic region combines cold, treeless plains, hills, and mountains. Maintaining the livelihoods of coastal communities, The arctic prevents the production of gas hydrate deposits, The existence of the Arctic prevents erosion of coastlines, 12 Polar Bear Facts That Will Blow Your Mind, significant human population lives in the Arctic, Two American explorers registered the first recognized discovery of the north pole, The Arctic is located at the northernmost part of Earth. Please note that Kidadl is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon. Arctic moss (Calliergon giganteum) is the most common polar plant in the Arctic and grows throughout the year. Complete disclosure of arctic poppy facts should mention the blooms short-lived nature, but rest assured, a constant supply of the chubby hairy buds is produced during the entire season. Iceland poppy growing conditions are extremely variable, making this short-lived perennial a natural choice for a variety of landscape situations. Winter temperatures can drop below 50 C, Polar bears live in the Arctic, near the North Pole, In total, only about 4 million people live in the arctic, The Arctic region is home to the North Pole, Eight nations surround the Arctic The U.S. Canada, Finland, Denmark, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Russia, The Arctic has natural resources, including oil and natural gas, large quantities of minerals including iron ore, Nickle, and copper. For pregnant women, poppy tea enhances lactation. They were already grown as ornamental plants since 5,000 BC in Mesopotamia. These shallow roots dont go as deep as normal roots, but they let the plant absorb foods and attach itself to the soil. across and consistently produce during spring. The debate comes in because it is only logical that the North pole discovery could happen only once. [6] The plant also shows heliotropism where the flower grows to face the sunlight, and the petals reflect light towards the pistil. 11 things you might not know about the poppy 1. The Arctic has quite a few natural resources including fish, oil, gas and a number of minerals. Our recommended activities are based on age but these are a guide. However, at such times it remained hidden from the world until when civilization started to spread. This is because access to energy, nutrients, and water is scarce, and the permafrost prevents the growth of deeper root systems. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[250,250],'konnecthq_com-leader-3','ezslot_13',127,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-konnecthq_com-leader-3-0');Even though there are facts to help make sense of it, I find it amazing that a significant human population lives in the Arctic. The arctic poppy has an important effect on the tundra. It faces towards the sun and produces extra energy for photosynthesis and reproduction. You may wear a poppy each November, but here are some interesting facts about the figurative flower that may come as a surprise. A blanket of snow interestingly covers the sea ice. Subscribe for virtual tools, STEM-inspired play, People use poppy extracts to relax the muscle to treat muscle cramps. The peacock poppy (P. pavoninum)with scarlet petals bearing a dark spot at the base in 2.5-cm (1-inch) blooms on 30-cm- (12-inch-) tall plantsis an annual from Central Asia. They were found in Egyptian tombs and ancient Egyptian doctors would have their patients eat seeds from a poppy to relieve pain. Seeds of certain species of polar plants of the Arctic may also develop adaptations like hair projections. They were already grown as ornamental plants since 5,000 BC in Mesopotamia. They have a hardened physical character with a strong rooting system to survive adverse conditions. It is propagated by seed. The flowers are generally yellow and turn to the sky to take sunlight for photosynthesis. The Arctic willow (Salix arctica) is also called a 'tongue plant' by the Inuit people because of its peculiar shape. Distribution [ edit] Papaver radicatum is circumpolar in distribution and grows in arctic and alpine zones in Europe, North America, and Asia. Considering that the arctic has considerably large ice deposits, it is crucial for the world that they remain intact. The arctic poppy stays close to the ground to withstand the arctic air. Habitats: Stony slopes, river gravels and sandy meadows[74]. The Poppy is a symbol of: Also, the small waxy leaves prevent water loss in the arid environment. The buds are often nodding and are borne on solitary stalks. Ill admit that it sounds like an exciting place to visit. They are common in the Arctic Ocean islands, Spitsbergen, and the Baffin Bay. Every living plant on the earth needs sunlight to live on the earth. Poppy seed oils are used for chemotherapy and the treatment of fistula. So, we can say that its moderate in size. The Arctic Bearberry, also known as the 'Arctous rubra' or 'Kimnickinnicik', is a rare species of the genus Arctostaphylos, specifically adapted to survive in the Arctic climate. Perennials do not die in the winter. Once you know how to grow Arctic poppies, they will grace your garden for decades, as the blooms will self-sow for a constant supply of these lovely flowers. It is present on the most northern peace of land on Earth, Kaffeklubben island, making the most northern growing plant with the Purple Saxifrage. Arctic poppies contain small leaves which look like a fern. Range The oceans surround continents, and once they get eroded, there is a land loss. On the other hand, mining and drilling well also hampers the permafrost. Each of the animals has special features that allow them to survive the climate. A species of arctic poppy (Papaver nudicaule) has anti-inflammatory activity. They grow in the toughest and most extreme environmental conditions. We will always aim to give you accurate information at the date of publication - however, information does change, so its important you do your own research, double-check and make the decision that is right for your family. Also, the poppy can easily survive in the Arctic. The arctic poppy provides pollen for insects, including a bumblebee. 2023 KonnectHQ.com. The layer of vegetation covering the southern edges of the Arctic Tundra is part of the borderline species. The product after decomposition is methane, which later goes into the atmosphere. We recommend that these ideas are used as inspiration, that ideas are undertaken with appropriate adult supervision, and that each adult uses their own discretion and knowledge of their children to consider the safety and suitability. Common poppy. The Arctic consists of the ocean and surrounding land, Greenland and Spitsbergen, Northern Alaska, Canada, Norway, and Russia. It haslobed or dissected leaves, milky sap, often nodding buds on solitary stalks. Some hydrophytic polar plants that grow in the Arctic as borderline species are - water lilies, pond lilies, arrowheads, rannochrushes, water-plantains, pondweed, and flowering rushes. Once considered a weed of cornfields, the Common poppy is now in decline due to intensive agricultural practices. We hope you enjoyed them and youre the Arctic expert. Kidadl is independent and to make our service free to you the reader we are supported by advertising. Poppies today are sold as cut flowers in flower arrangements, especially the Iceland poppy, and commonly have a prominent place in gardens, borders, or in meadow plantings. The people in the arctic are living on three different continents where the Arctic touches. Other ornamental members of the poppy family include the Matilija poppy (Romneya coulteri), with 15-cm (6-inch) fragrant white flowers on a 2.4-metre- (7.9-foot-) tall perennial herbaceous plant native to southwestern North America; the plume poppies, members of the Asian genus Macleaya, grown for their interestingly lobed giant leaves and 2-metre- (6.6-foot-) tall flower spikes; plants of the genus Bocconia, mild-climate woody shrubs native to tropical America, prized for their large cut leaves; the snow poppy (Eomecon chionantha), a perennial from China, with white cuplike flowers in sprays; and the flaming poppy (Stylomecon heterophylla), with purple-centred brick-red flowers on an annual plant from western North America. This is a short-lived perennial, but it performs as a perennial only in northern climates. Remember that the arctic poppies have lower toxicity. The Arctic Tundra is the region of Earth around the North Pole, roughly between the latitudes 55 to 70 North. An interesting fact about the summers is that snow falls even then. These climatic conditions are sometimes severe but can still sustain life. Generally, Arctic plants are highly responsive to natural environment changes. The ice on the arctic is about 2-3 meters thick. Plant species capable of growing and living in the Arctic environment have to bear long durations of extremely cold temperatures. A lively imagination It also features breathtaking landscapes like sea ice, coastal wetlands, tundra, mountains, and rivers. The arctic poppy can live and produce its food at a minimum temperature and sunlight. Golden morphia poppy heads are displayed on the Royal College of Anaesthetists coat of arms as they represent general anaesthetic and analgesia. A perennial plant is a plant that lasts for several years. Most poppies are found in the Northern Hemisphere, and several species of poppies are cultivated as garden ornamentals. How do Arctic Foxes Adapt to the Environment? But, there is also one full day of sunshine. The Arctic Tundra is the region of Earth around the North Pole, roughly between the latitudes 55 to 70 North. Some tree and shrub species like willows (Salix), alders (Alnus), and Fir (Abies) also grow in the southern end of the Arctic Tundra. Therefore, they produce their food through photosynthesis. Saxifrages found near freshwater areas in the Arctic are - yellow marsh saxifrage (Saxifraga hiriculus), brook saxifrage (Saxifraga rivularis), leafy stem saxifrage (Saxifraga foliosa), Ottertail pass saxifrage (Saxifraga tenuis). From botanical wonders in Australia to tranquil havens closer to home in Ireland, let this guide help you to discover some of the most glorious gardens around the world, Spread the cost of your subscription with an offer you'll love and pay just 3.50 every issue. The entire Arctic vegetation can be broadly classified into three main species groups based on the origins of the different plant species. Papaver grows mainly in the northern hemisphere, with one species found in southern Africa. Because of the hard layer of ice at the bottom of the tundra, also called permafrost; the arctic poppy develops small roots. The Arctic and Antarctic are considerably affected by climate change. Only the top layer of soil thaws out so plants have shallow roots. The Arctic Tundra comprises the northernmost landmasses of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Scandinavia, Iceland, Svalbard, Russia, and Siberia. Most of the time, the Arctic is cold and dry in climate. The polar plants of the Arctic can produce silky hairs as adaptations for insulating themselves against the cold and protection from strong winds. The arctic poppies that grow in Svalbard are sometimes viewed as a separate species. A variety of about 50 Arctic plant species can be found within the genera of Carex (sedge family), Potentilla (rose family), Oxytropis (legume family), and Salix (willow family). After the Second World War, Morris scoured the Suffolk countryside for variations in the common field poppy, Papaver rhoeas. Lifespan & Reproduction Arctic Poppy, Icelandic poppy: Family: Papaveraceae: USDA hardiness: 4-10: Known Hazards: This plant is toxic to mammals, though the toxicity is low[76]. There is a lot of concern around the world around the effects of climate change on the ice. There are around 1000 foxes and predators like the red fox. Europeans were also part of early expeditions by outsiders across the Arctic to prove the Arctic again. Like all other plants, the arctic poppy gets energy from the sunlight. Yes, the arctic poppy has a shallow root system. You can eat both the leaves and seed of it. The 40 species of land animals include the famous animal, the polar bear, and others like the musk ox, arctic wolf, and arctic hare. Each leaf is a feathery shape and can be anywhere from 1-6 inches in length. He is Gardens Adviser to Glyndebourne and currently has gardening projects in the UK, Spain and France. This leaves a short summer and an even shorter growing season for the limited vegetation to grow and thrive in this frigid and harsh environment. They can produce their food through photosynthesis in the presence of sunlight like other plants. The above features of the Arctic poppy meet the requirement of an Arctic plant. It has a dwarfish appearance. Resurrection and eternal life The leaves are dense and hairy. As an alpine plant, the flowers are cup-shaped and follow the sun to absorb more solar energy in low-light regions. The buds are often nodding and are borne on solitary stalks. In contrast, mosses and liverworts are the only known bryophytes that grow in the region. An amazing species found only in the Arctic is the narwhal, which is often called the unicorn of the sea.. Despite these harsh conditions, the Arctic Tundra is home to 2,218 vascular plant species, along with bryophytes in the form of mosses and liverworts. The flowers are generally yellow and turn to the sky to take sunlight for photosynthesis. [8] Its pollinator impact is heaviest in early spring, decreasing as the year continues. Your privacy is important to us. Now I know my next vacation destination. Arctic Daisy (Arctanthemum Arcticum): Perennial Herb in the Arctic Region, Arctic White Heather (Cassiope Tetragona): Facts to Know, Crustose Lichens (Lecanora Conizaeoides): Lets Talk About Its Lifecycle. When the snow melts, the tough grasses, mosses, and small shrubs have a short, quick growing season. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'konnecthq_com-large-leaderboard-2','ezslot_9',122,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-konnecthq_com-large-leaderboard-2-0');An amazing fact about Arctic terns is that they have a lifespan of 30 years. It blooms in June-July and is highly available in the fallen fields of Greenland. It appears on the Coat of arms of Nunavut. It has a circular distribution in the Alpine and Arctic regions. Its generally 14 cm long, but sometimes it may extend up to 30 cm. Poppy flowers are shaped like cups and have four to six petals. Yes, arctic poppy is edible. Some parts of the arctic are extremely deep-going as far as 4000 meters. They are common in Greenland, Iceland, Westfjords. Methane emission is increased, and it deteriorates the permafrost. People believed they would get a bountiful crop if poppies grew in their field, hence the name corn poppy. In this case, the name corn was derived from korn, the Greek word for grain.. Among the 2218 species of vascular plants in the Arctic, the most common are flowering plants, herbs, grasses, and dwarf shrubs. The many small seeds escape from pores beneath the disk when the capsule is shaken by the wind. These plants stay warmer than the air around them. A good tip on Iceland poppy care is to deadhead. The most outstanding feature is their short yellow legs. Kidadl has a number of affiliate partners that we work with including Amazon. The entire plant has black hairs, which may be an adaptation. Sign up to get all the latest gardening tips! The yellow variant is much more widely distributed, occurring out in the open, compared to the white flowers typically only found in more remote locations. Kidadl is supported by you, the reader. Poppies are symbolic, and used to remember the Armistice Day of World War I, now known as Remembrance Day. conditions include species of the Arctic poppy (Papaver), some rushes (Juncus), small saxifrages (Saxifraga), and a few other rosette-forming herbaceous species. Arctic plants are also adapted to grow and reproduce in extreme climate conditions. The arctic is a store shelf for extra water in the form of ice. Some species are monocarpic, dying after flowering. Please note: prices are correct and items are available at the time the article was published. if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[336,280],'konnecthq_com-narrow-sky-2','ezslot_20',133,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-konnecthq_com-narrow-sky-2-0');It grows up to about 15 centimeters in height and produces a single flower on the stem. In time the greenhouse gas affects the world climate negatively. The extract reduces the LPS-induced inflammatory response by inhibiting the STAT3 and NF-B pathways. Few flowers are as recognisable as the poppy. But, as listed above, only small plants are capable of growing in the region. Many species of Arctic plants are perennials that undergo vegetative reproduction and require no seeds. Arctic poppy tastes similar to spinach when taken from the leaves. There is the likelihood of assuming that the arctic climate is the only winter because part of it is ice and snow and cold. Common liverwort species include - earwort, earthwort, pincerwort, threadwort, and notchwort. The two sepals usually drop off as the petals unfold. Even its flowers are incredibly faster, it flowers within just 110-115 days from seed planting. The flower grows toward the sun. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Seeds grow well at temperatures between 19-22C. across and consistently produce during spring. 2023 Gardening Know How, Future US LLC, Full 7th Floor, 130 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. It needs partial or full sunlight. The Canadian parts that occupy the Arctic are the ones that tend to get this cold. Purple saxifrage (Saxifraga oppositifolia) is another one of the common plants found in the high Arctic areas that are less vegetated. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. That is how there are glaciers and icebergs. The arctic poppy is circumpolar, meaning it is native to arctic and alpine zones all around the arctic, in Europe, Asia, and North America. The tundra biome is located in the Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine regions. They produce more seeds to keep their foot on the earth. Some leaves, stems, and the pods that hold the seeds are hairy. About 100 species of the genus exist. Blooms only last a few days but with good care, the entire stand will burgeon with flowers for three months or more. Remembering the fallen of various wars and armed conflicts Seeing how the oceans connect at specific points is vital to ensure that the Arctic gets saved. Leaves Iceland poppy leaves will grow in a basal rosette. Puffin also has beaks that change color from red to grey in the winter. The stem is thin and has fuzzy hair, the flower has four large petals that can be yellow or white, or rarely pink. This can be seen in a Pasque flower or Bearberry. Or lock in greater savings and save 51% on the magazine shop price - just 34.99 every year! The arctic ocean moderates the climate in the Arctic. They characterize a small round head, red beak, long angular wings, and short legs. Some parts of the arctic ocean area froze throughout the year, giving it the icy perception. Arctic Polar Ecosystem (vonvon is a dweeb), The Antarctic hair grass 'Deschampsia Antarctica'. Physical description Poppies have lobed or dissected leaves and milky sap. An adaptation for this plant is it moving to where the sun is so it could get heat from the sun. Before his message, reports were that Dr. Frederick A. Cook, who had gone silent while on his expedition in the Arctic, said that he reached the pole in 1908. Kidadl provides inspiration to entertain and educate your children. The poppy adapted to growing on rocks and know it adapted so much that the rock allows the roots of the poppy to be moist. Opium, from which morphine, heroin, codeine, and papaverine are derived, comes from the milky latex in the unripe seed capsule of the opium poppy (Papaver somniferum). Snow covers the ground for nine months of the year when plants cannot grow. [5] The petals grow in a cup shape that are used to trap light and air inside to be used as warmth for the ovaries. These flowers constantly rotate towards the sun, tracking their movement through the air. The locals, Inuit people, refer to it as the tongue plants owing to the shape of its leaves. And so, they will not fall and stand upright in adverse conditions. Climate change has been a major issue for a lot of governments. The Oriental poppy (P. orientale), native to the Middle East, has 15-cm (6-inch) scarlet, salmon, pink, white, or red blooms on 1.2-metre- (4-foot-) tall long-lived perennial plants. This does not influence our choices. Papaver orientale 'Patty's Plum' was found growing on the compost heap of one Mrs Patricia Marrow in the 1980s. The name Arctic comes from a Greek word meaning bear. Without the effects of climate change in play, the arctic climate characterizes long cold winters and brief cool summers. 2. The Arctic poppy and a few of the other flowering herbs adapted to the High Arctic have flowers that are solartropic (turning in response to the Sun). The Arctic is right up in the northernmost part of Earth. Their parabolic-shaped. Mosses and liverworts, the most common type of bryophytes that grow in the Arctic, account for about 900 varieties of polar plant species. Arctic poppies are one of the most northerly growing plants in the world. The Arctic poppy blooms a yellow flower and has a hairy stem to help it retain heat in the cold and harsh conditions of the Arctic. Small leaves help the plants retain moisture. The seeds sit at the plants top to keep the wind blowing. A striking feature of the tundra is the permafrost, a layer under the topsoil that remains frozen. They grew on battlefields because of rubble Eating even a. [5], Papaver radicatum has hair like structures covering the stem and sepals that are used to retain heat to act as insulation. Trilingual Rajnandini has also published work in a supplement for 'The Telegraph', and had her poetry shortlisted in Poems4Peace, an international project. Among the 2218 species of vascular plants, nearly 400 are seed-bearing, flowering plants of the order Angiosperm. Leaves are eaten cooked and are a good source of vitamin C. Also, they have good taste. They are known as primary populations.